Justice is an essential cornerstone of every stable and prosperous society. Prophet Muhammad’s Final Sermon, delivered over fourteen centuries ago, provided a clear blueprint for establishing and maintaining justice at every level—personal, social, economic, and spiritual.
Justice as a Universal Principle
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) emphasized that justice must transcend personal interests, prejudice, and tribal affiliations. He stated clearly:
“Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Harm no one, so that no one may harm you.”
These simple yet profound instructions underscore the importance of honesty, fairness, and responsibility in all aspects of life.
Upholding Human Dignity
Central to the Prophet’s sermon is the idea that justice involves recognizing and preserving human dignity. Every individual—regardless of race, gender, or social status—is entitled to fair treatment, protection from harm, and the safeguarding of their rights. The Final Sermon directly challenges any form of oppression or injustice, calling upon believers to act responsibly and compassionately.
Economic Justice and Ethical Dealings
Economic fairness and integrity in business dealings are clearly emphasized in the sermon. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) specifically forbade usury (interest-based exploitation) and manipulation of markets:
“Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest); therefore all interest obligations shall henceforth be waived.”
He instructed that economic interactions be based on mutual consent, transparency, fairness, and compassion—principles that remain essential in addressing modern economic inequalities.
Social Justice: Beyond Personal Responsibility
Prophet Muhammad’s message extends justice beyond individual actions into the community. Social justice includes caring for the poor, supporting the disadvantaged, advocating for the rights of marginalized groups, and ensuring resources are distributed equitably. By adhering to these principles, communities can address systemic inequalities and cultivate social harmony and peace.
Applying Justice in Modern Society
Today’s world faces numerous justice-related challenges—from systemic racism and economic disparities to conflicts and human rights abuses. Prophet Muhammad’s teachings offer timeless guidance for addressing these issues. Practically, this involves speaking out against oppression, promoting fairness in our workplaces and communities, engaging in charitable acts, and advocating policies based on equity and compassion.
Conclusion
The Final Sermon of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) provides a clear, practical, and universally relevant framework for justice. As individuals and communities, embracing and implementing these principles is vital for achieving peace, prosperity, and true harmony in society.